COPING WITH TRAGEDIES OF THE COMMONS

Coping with Tragedies of the Commons

Contemporary policy analysis of the governance of common-pool resources is based on three core assumptions that (1) resource users are norm-free maximizers of immediate gains who will not cooperate to overcome the commons dilemmas they face, (2) designing rules to change incentives of participants is a relatively simple analytical task, and (3) organization itself requires central direction. Th...

Symmetric Tragedies: Commons and Anticommons

An anticommons problem arises when there exist multiple rights to exclude. In a lengthy law review paper, Michael A. Heller has examined "The Tragedy of the Anticommons," especially in regard to disappointing experiences with efforts to shift from socialist to market institutions in Russia. In an early footnote, Heller suggests that a formal economic model of the anticommons has not been develo...

The Tragedy of Tragedies

determinant of the hankel matrix with binomial entries

abstract in this thesis at first we comput the determinant of hankel matrix with enteries a_k (x)=?_(m=0)^k??((2k+2-m)¦(k-m)) x^m ? by using a new operator, ? and by writing and solving differential equation of order two at points x=2 and x=-2 . also we show that this determinant under k-binomial transformation is invariant.

the evaluation of language related engagment and task related engagment with the purpose of investigating the effect of metatalk and task typology

abstract while task-based instruction is considered as the most effective way to learn a language in the related literature, it is oversimplified on various grounds. different variables may affect how students are engaged with not only the language but also with the task itself. the present study was conducted to investigate language and task related engagement on the basis of the task typolog...